COMPARISON OF PAKISTANI AND CAUCASIAN CEPHALOMETRIC VALUES ACCORDING TO STEINER’S ANALYSIS

Authors

  • Quarat ul ain Anwar Department of Orthodontics, Faryal Dental College Lahore, Pakistan.
  • Amna Farrukh Department of Orthodontics, Hamdard College of Medicine and Dentistry, Karachi, Pakistan.
  • Aneela Nausheen Department of Orthodontics, Rehman College of Dentistry, Peshawar, Pakistan.
  • Syed Shahbaz Dental Practitioner, Dip Dental Clinic Administration (Canada).
  • Erum Amin Department of Orthodontics, Armed Forces Institute of Dentistry, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33279/jkcd.v15i03.737

Keywords:

Caucasian, cephalometric values, Pakistani adults, Steiner's analysis.

Abstract

Objectives: To develop Pakistani norms or standards for young people in terms of their skeletal and dental cephalometric values, and then to compare those norms to Caucasian norms using Steiner's technique.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 1000 young adults in Pakistan; lateral cephalograms were acquired, traced, and measured. There were six angular measurements and five linear measurements made. Using Steiner's methodology, the mean of all the values was computed and compared to Caucasian norms. Data analysis was done using SPSS-26.
Results: The sample included 1000 young adults, (459 males and 541 females). The overall mean age of the sample was 24.69 ± 4.1 years. “The results indicated that all cephalometric values assessed were statistically different for our population except for ANB (p=0.06)”. SNB (81.07+2.46), UINAmm (4.71+3.07), UINAangle (27.21+6.83), LINBmm (4.86+2.32) and LINBangle (27.14+5.14) were more in Pakistani population as compared to Caucasian norms with statistically signifi cant diff erence (p < 0.05), whereas, SNA(81.71+3.05) and ANB were found to be lower in Pakistani population as compared to Caucasian norms.
Conclusion: The results of this study are based on samples from the Pakistani population. All of the lateral cephalograms underwent Steiner's analysis, and signifi cant deviations from the standard Steiner's norms for Caucasians were found

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Published

2025-09-30

How to Cite

Anwar, Q. ul ain, Farrukh, A. ., Nausheen , A. ., Syed Shahbaz, & Amin , E. . (2025). COMPARISON OF PAKISTANI AND CAUCASIAN CEPHALOMETRIC VALUES ACCORDING TO STEINER’S ANALYSIS. JOURNAL OF KHYBER COLLEGE OF DENTISTRY, 15(03), 26–30. https://doi.org/10.33279/jkcd.v15i03.737

Issue

Vol. 15 No. 03 (2025): Journal of Khyber College of Dentistry, Peshawar.

Section

Original Article

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