JOURNAL OF KHYBER COLLEGE OF DENTISTRY

FREQUENCY OF IN HOSPITAL MORTALITY IN ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION PATIENTS WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME

Thu, 30 Sep 2021 00:00:00 +0000

Objective:

To determine frequency of in hospital mortality in acute myocardial infarction patients with metabolic syndrome.

Materials and Methods:

It was a descriptive case series study was conducted in cardiology department Khyber teaching hospital Peshawar, Pakistan from 02/01/2016 to 21/07/2016. Sample size was calculated 72 using non probability sampling technique. Age, gender, SBP, serum FBG, serum HDL-C, serum TG and waist circumference was noted. Patients were followed for 5 days to determine outcome i.e. in hospital mortality.

Results:

Out of 110 patients, 72 were fulfilling the criteria for my study. Mean age of the patients was calculated to be 57.47 years. 35 (48.6%) patients were males and 37 (51.4%) were females. Frequency of in hospital mortality was 6 (8.3 %) with 11.4 %( n=4) in males and 5.4 %( n=2) in females.

Conclusion:

We concluded that in hospital mortality ratio is relatively high in acute myocardial infarction and those having more metabolic disturbances. There is significant association between age of onset and co morbid medical or endocrinological problems, while gender, educational status, marital status, occupational status, duration of illness and family history with the patient are not as much associated with mortality rate.

PATTERN OF COVID-19 ASSOCIATED MAXILLARY MUCORMYCOTIC OSTEOMYELITIS

Thu, 30 Sep 2021 00:00:00 +0000

Objective:To evaluate the occurrence of mucormycotic osteomyelitis in our area regarding age, gender, side of involvement of maxilla and any associated systemic diseases and treatment modality adopted in our centre.

Materials and Methods:Data of 21 patients presented with the features of mucormycotic osteomyelitis at Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Unit, Bacha Khan Medical College Mardan from June 2020 to May 2021 was recorded. Non probability, convenience sampling technique was used. History, clinical, radiographic and hsitopathologcal examination was performed for diagnosis.
Treatment included antibiotic, antifungal and serial debridement. Defects were closed by local flaps and by prosthetic obturator. Data regarding the age, gender, side of involvement of maxilla and any associated systemic diseases and treatment modality were evaluated and analyzed by Spss Version 22.

Results:

The mean age was 58.90 ± 21.5 years, with an age range of 35-78 years. Age group 61-70 years were most commonly affected (38.1%).The ratio of male and female was 2.5:1. Left maxilla (62.1%) was commonly affected in both male and female. Diabetes as associated disease (52%) dominated followed by diabetes and hypertension (33.3%). One case (4.9%) has no associated disease. All cases were treated by antibiotic and antifungal therapy and serial debridement. Defects were closed in 14 cases (66.6%) by local flaps and 7 cases (33.4%) by prosthetic obturators

Conclusion:

COVID-19 is associated with significant incidence of secondary opportunistic infections due to immune dysregulation. The treatment of COVID-19 itself pre-disposes the patients to development of fungal diseases.

KNOWLEDGE AND AWARENESS OF DENTAL IMPLANTS AMONG PATIENTS PRESENTING AT TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL, ISLAMABAD

Thu, 30 Sep 2021 00:00:00 +0000

Objective:To assess the knowledge and awareness of dental implants among a selected number of patients.

Materials and Methods:A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in Prosthodontics department at Islamic International Dental Hospital Islamabad, on outdoor basis from May 2020 to Oct 2020.A printed performa in the language Urdu, was handed over to the participants visiting the above-mentioned hospital outdoor, and the results were recorded and interpreted in the SPSS version 22 for Mac IOS.

Results:

We divided our participants in three age groups; 25-50 years old (60.3%), 51-75 years old (36.3%), and 76-100 years old (3.3%). Out of 300, 63.7% participants knew about dental implants while 36.3% did not know about them. The reasons why patients preferred this option were: 8% participants said due to better retention, 3.6% said due to better aesthetics, 34% said they are as good as their natural teeth. On the other hand, the reason for not choosing dental implants was: 8% said they are expensive, 7.3% said they had feared from dental surgery, 5.3% were unsure about the final results, and 0.6% of the participants had medical conditions. Pearson chi-square test was applied in cross-tabulations and p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Conclusion:

Results show that participants who were aware of dental implants as a treatment option are relatively significant as compared to those who have no knowledge or awareness regarding them. Maximum information was gained through dentists and the most common reason for opting for dental implants was the consideration that they are as good as their own natural teeth, while the most common barrier for not choosing this option was the high cost of the implant itself.

ANTI-COAGULANT THERAPY IN HOSPITALIZED PREGNANT WOMEN WITH COVID-19: A BRIEF REVIEW

Thu, 30 Sep 2021 00:00:00 +0000

As our knowledge about COVID-19 progresses, we know that COVID-19 has a clear thrombogenic effect. Moreover, as pregnancy is a prothrombotic state, the possibility of an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in pregnant women with COVID‐19 has become an area of concern, and a number of international organizations have proposed recommendations for thromboprophylaxis in pregnant and postpartum women with COVID‐19. However, these recommendations are mainly based on expert opinion. In this brief review, we explain the pathophysiology of COVID-19- associated coagulopathy with focus on pregnancy related issues, leading to make clear recommendations about anti-coagulant therapy in pregnant women with COVID-19 during hospitalization and also after discharge.

FREQUENCY OF TRAUMATIC ULCERATION IN TISSUES UNDERNEATH NEW CONVENTIONAL COMPLETE DENTURES

Thu, 30 Sep 2021 00:00:00 +0000

Objective:

To determine the frequency of traumatic ulceration in denture supporting tissues following the provision of new complete dentures.

Materials and Methods:

This cross-sectional descriptive study was performed at the Prosthodontics Department of Khyber College of Dentistry, Peshawar over a period of 18 months. With the method of history and clinical examination and using a structured data collection sheet presence of traumatic ulcers in tissues underneath conventional complete dentures was recorded in 184 patients fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria and who had not been previously wearing CD in both jaws. Patients were examined 3 to 4 days following the placement of their complete dentures, on their first recall appointment, for the presence of traumatic ulceration.

Results:

Patients (N=184) had mean age of 55.85±2.22 (SD) years with male to female ratio of 1:1.9. Patients returning with one or more traumatic ulcers 3 to 4 days following the placement of their complete dentures were 141 (76.6%) while 43 (23.4%) patients developed no ulcers. Ulcers were more commonly found in older age groups and in females.

Conclusion:

Traumatic ulcers were reported in majority of the patients who received conventional complete dentures. Thus the role of a prosthodontist does not end with the placement of the prosthesis. Regular follow up visits and adjustments need to be carried out following placement of complete dentures to ensure patient comfort and acceptance of the prosthesis.

FREQUENCY OF MALOCCLUSION IN GOVERNMENT HIGH SCHOOL GOING CHILDREN AGED 13-17 IN PESHAWAR

Thu, 30 Sep 2021 00:00:00 +0000

Objective:

To determine the frequency of malocclusion in Govt. high school children of District Peshawar.

Materials and Methods:

About eight hundred and fifty school children of both genders were randomly selected through random cluster sampling, from Government High Schools of District Peshawar. The study participants were examined in their school staff rooms using wooden spatulas, disposable gloves, millimeter ruler, and torchlight. Angle’s classification was used for recording
various traits of malocclusion besides overbite, overjet, maxillary midline diastema, crowding, open bite, and crossbite. A special proforma was used for recording the data. Data were analyzed using SPSS-20 while Chi-square test was applied for association.

Results:

A total of 850 subjects were included in the study, of which there were 600 (70%) males, and 250 (30%) were females. The mean age of the participants was 15 + 1.37 years. The overall frequency of malocclusion was 73.1%. Angle’s class I malocclusion had the highest frequency of 372 (43.8%) followed by normal occlusion 229 (26.9%), class II division 1 as 88(10.4%), class II division 2 as 59(6.9%), class III as 64(7.5%). Angle’s Class I malocclusion (43.8%) and crowding (37.9%) was more frequently found followed by normal occlusion (26.9%) among the school going children of the Peshawar, Pakistan.

Conclusion:

Angle’s Class I malocclusion and crowding were more frequently found, followed by normal occlusion among the school going children of the Peshawar, Pakistan.

VARIATION OF CUSPS AND ROOTS OF UPPER WISDOM TOOTH IN PATIENTS VISITING KHYBER COLLEGE OF DENTISTRY

Thu, 30 Sep 2021 00:00:00 +0000

Objective:

To determine the variation of cusps and roots of maxillary 3rd molars.

Material and Methods:

This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out on 100 extracted 3rd molars. Informed consent was taken from the patients. The teeth with carious lesions and damaged crown were excluded from the study. Data was collected and entered into SPSS for the calculations of percentage and frequencies.

Results:

A total of 100 maxillary 3rd molars were collected in the department of surgery. Among maxillary 3rd molars most prevalent was tricuspid 44 % and 43% followed by tetracuspids 40% and 16 % of the teeth had five cusps. Only 2% of the third molars had more than five cusps. The most prevalent were fused roots that were 46 %and 68% are followed by two roots and three roots in right and left quadrants respectively.

Conclusion:

3rd molars are the most variable teeth in the oral cavity. cusps of the 3rd molars vary from tricuspid to more than 5cusp. Root variation is more than crown variation. Genetic, ethnic and geographical factors affect the morphology of cusps and roots.

COMPARISON OF EFFECTIVENESS OF GC TOOTH MOUSSE WITH FLUORIDE VARNISH FOR TREATMENT OF DENTINAL HYPERSENSITIVITY

Thu, 30 Sep 2021 00:00:00 +0000

Objective:

To compare the efficacy of two desensitizing agents in relieving dentinal hypersensitivity.

Materials and Methods:

A Randomized clinical trial including 84 patients of age range between 18 – 65 years was carried out and patients having hypersensitive lesions were divided into two groups by the flip of coin. Tooth mousse ^TMwas applied to patients in Group A and Dura shield ^TMto patients in group B. visual analog scale was used to assess patient’s pain response to compressed air and tactile stimuli and recorded at baseline, one week and 30 days after application of agents. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 17. The study was done at Department of Operative Dentistry, PIMS Islamabad from January 2011 to January 2012.

Results:

There was a statistically significant difference between the two treatment groups at seven days (p-value 0.008 )with tactile stimulus and at thirty days (p-value 0.046) with air blast stimulus and (p value= 0.016) with tactile stimulus after application with tooth mousse showing pain relief in more number of patients as compared to fluoride varnish group.

Conclusion:

The comparison of two agents in this study showed that Tooth mousse ^TM showed better results in relieving dentinal hypersensitivity than Dura shield ^TM.

ASSESSMENT OF FIRST PERMANENT MOLAR HEALTH STATUS IN 6-15 YEARS OLD CHILDREN VISITING KHYBER COLLEGE OF DENTISTRY, PESHAWAR: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Fazle Qadeem, Saadia Farid, Faisal Saeed, Khurshid Ali, Hasham Khan — Thu, 30 Sep 2021 00:00:00 +0000

Objective:

To assess the health status of the first permanent molar (decayed, missing, filled teeth, hypoplasia, and hypocalcification) in 6-15 yrs old children.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 147 children ranging from the age of 6-15yrs with a mean of 9.36± 2.63yrs were considered in the study. A self-prepared performa was use to collect data regarding decayed, missing, filled, hypoplastic, hypocalcified first permanent molars in children
attending the paediatric department, Khyber College of Dentistry, Peshawar. Demographic data like age, gender, and parental occupation (for socioeconomic status) were also recorded in the same performa. Children were examined on the dental chair by using a probe, mouth mirror, and tweezer. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 16.0. Frequencies and percentages of the variables were tabulated. The Chi-square test was applied for comparison among different socioeconomic levels. P-value ≤0.005 was considered significant statistically.

Results:

Out of a total of 147 children, ninety-seven were males (64.7%) and 53 were females (35.3%), with a male to female ratio of 2:1. The health status of the first permanent molar is poor in young children of low socioeconomic status.

Conclusion:

It is concluded from the study that the health status of the first permanent molar is poor in young boys whose parents were having low socioeconomic status.

PREDICTIVE HEIGHT FROM ULNA LENGTH OF THE MEDICAL STUDENTS OF GAJJU KHAN MEDICAL COLLEGE USING MUST EQUATIONS

Thu, 30 Sep 2021 00:00:00 +0000

Objective:

To assess the height of the medical students of Gajju khan medical college using MUST equations for predicting height from the length of the ulna.

Materials and Methods:

Cross sectional descriptive survey was piloted in Gajju Khan Medical College Swabi from March 2019 to May 2019. Informed verbal consent was taken. Students present on the day of the interview included. Height of students and length of the ulna was measured and using MUST equation predicted height was calculated. Data were analyzed with an online Google form.

Results:

Out of total two hundred and sixteen students (216) participated in the study, of which 128 (59.25%) were female and 88 (40.74%) were male respondents. A strong association was found between actual height and ulna length in male medical students while a moderate positive relationship was found in females. There was a difference of 8.2 and -1.3 in predictive and actual height by using MUST equation.

Conclusion:

It is concluded that there is a strong association of ulna length and actual height in males and a moderate association in female students.

COVID-19 AND ITS ORAL MANIFESTATIONS IN POPULATION OF ISLAMABAD AND RAWALPINDI: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Thu, 30 Sep 2021 00:00:00 +0000

Objective:

To assess the oral manifestations in the people of Islamabad and Rawalpindi affected with COVID-19.

Materials and Methods:Study design and setting: It is descriptive cross sectional study which was conducted on 250 both male and females participants who had suffered from COVID-19 over the duration of 6 months in Islamic International Dental Hospital Islamabad. Participants were from Islamabad and Rawalpindi. Questionnaire: Subjects participated in a web based questionnaire assessing the oral manifestations of COVID-19. These included facial pain, pain while eating(masticatory pain) , burning sensation in the oral cavity, dryness of mouth (xerostomia), loss of taste and oral mucosal lesions.

Results:

Out of 250, 105male and 145 females participate in this study. 40 % (n=100) participants experienced pain in the face region out of whom 40% (n=40) had pain in the head region. 46% participants reported to have pain on mastication out of which 47.8% had pain on messeter muscle. 46% participants had burning sensations in the oral cavity.60% participant’s experienced dry mouth. Moreover 70% participants experienced loss of taste sensations. Only 24% reported with oral mucosal lesions.6% participants developed blisters/ulcers out of which majority developed them on the tongue.

Conclusion:

This study concluded that oral manifestations are important for early detection of COVID-19 patients and majority of these patients showed loss of taste.

COMPARISON OF THE MEAN REDUCTION IN TRISMUS POSTOPERATIVELY AFTER USE OF 4MG AND 8MG INTRAVENOUS DEXAMETHASONE PRE OPERATIVELY, FOLLOWING IMPACTED MANDIBULAR THIRD MOLAR SURGERY

Thu, 30 Sep 2021 00:00:00 +0000

Objective:

To compare the mean reduction in trismus postoperatively after the use of 4mg and 8mg intravenous dexamethasone preoperatively, following impacted mandibular third molar surgery.

Materials and Methods:

This cross-sectional comparative study was conducted at the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery Peshawar dental college, Peshawar from 10th December 2018 to 16th July 2019 after the college’s review board has approved it. In this study, a total of 60 Patients of both genders 18 years to 40 years with 35 mm or greater mouth opening, and partially impacted mandibular third molars were included by consecutive, non-probability sampling technique. The analysis of the data was done by using SPSS version 20.0. The student t-test was used to compare both groups i.e. mean reduction in trismus with 4mg dexamethasone and 8 mg dexamethasone on day 2. A P≤0.05 was taken as significant.

Results:

After 2 days of administration of 4mg dexamethasone, the mouth was reduced from a mean of 49.63±6.78mm to 28.2±2.917 mm. Similarly, after 2 days of administration of 8mg dexamethasone, the mouth was reduced from a mean of 50.3±7.32 mm to 35.93±2.50 mm. Genders have no effect on mouth opening after dexamethasone use. Age has an effect on the reduction of mouth opening after dexamethasone use. the mean reduction of maximum mouth opening(trismus) was less after giving 8 mg of dexamethasone than 4mg dexamethasone statistically significantly.

Conclusion:

The use of 8 mg dexamethasone is found to be more effective in decreasing postoperative trismus in patient having third molar surgery as compare to 4mg dexamethasone.

BUCCAL BONE THICKNESS IN RETROMOLAR AREA IN RELATION TO BONE GRAFTING PRIOR TO DENTAL IMPLANTS. A CONE BEAM COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY STUDY

Thu, 30 Sep 2021 00:00:00 +0000

Objective:

To investigate the buccal bone thickness lateral to Inferior alveolar nerve at mandibular retromolar area using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans.

Materials and Methods:

CBCT records of patients attending department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, University College of Dentistry, University College of Lahore from January 2018 till April 2020 were included in the present study. CBCT software was used to generate slices of 10mm in width starting from the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) on the distal side of the lower second molar in the panoramic view. The sagittal cross section at this point was used to measure the shortest distance from inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) to the outer cortical plate of mandible on both sides of mandible. t- test was used compare the mean bone thickness.

Results:

There was no significant difference in mean bone thickness between the right and left side of mandible in both the genders (P>0.05). However, mean bone thickness varied significantly on right (P=0.012) and left side (P=0.019) of mandible between males and females.

Conclusion:

Retromolar area is a convenient source of autogenous bone as there is adequate thickness of bone in males and female however, care should be taken in females when retromolar area is chosen as a donor site. The role of CBCT in preoperative planning is crucial in determining the exact dimensions of the buccal bone thickness.

ORAL HYGIENE PRACTICES AMONG DENTAL STUDENTS OF PESHAWAR CITY A COMPARATIVE STUDY

Thu, 30 Sep 2021 00:00:00 +0000

Objectives: The present study aimed to compare oral hygiene practices among the undergraduate dental students of the preclinical and clinical years in the dental colleges of district Peshawar.
Materials and Methods: A structured, pre-tested, self-administered 16-item questionnaire survey followed by a brief clinical examination was conducted among the undergraduate students in all the dental colleges of district Peshawar. The sample was drawn from both the preclinical first year and the final clinical years of the Peshawar Dental College, Rapha International University, Khyber College of Dentistry, Peshawar University and Sardar Begum Dental College, Gandhara University. The questionnaire included demographic details and questions on the students’ oral health attitudes and self-reported practices. Chi-square analysis was performed for group comparisons of data collected through the questionnaire.
Results: Amongst the preclinical group a total of 62.7% (42 out of 205) students were found to be in the bad practice range as compared to the clinical group. Only 37.3% of students scored in the bad practice range. Statistically there is a trend of significance (0.074).
Conclusion: Thus the apparent oral health status and oral hygiene practices of dental students had improved as they advance towards clinical years.

Tue, 18 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000

INSTITUTIONAL RESEARCH REVIEW BOARD - SCHOOL SOMEONE IN SOMETHING

Basheer Rehman — Thu, 30 Sep 2021 00:00:00 +0000

The Research Review Board (RRB) is an appropriately constituted unit of Research & Development Cell of an institution and is formally designated to review, monitor and regulate research in the institution. The RRB has the authority to approve, modify or disapprove research. This group serves an important role in promotion of original research, prevention against plagiarism and improving the quality of research culture. It also ensures that appropriate steps are taken during the research process and the research protocols are being followed.
Another purpose of RRB is to assure, both in advance and by periodic review, that appropriate steps are taken to protect the rights and welfare of humans participating as subjects in the research. It also keeps abreast of ethical issues related to research with human participants, educates faculty and students and formulates policies on these issues. The board has the power to review, approve, reject or modify any proposed or ongoing research involving human participants conducted in an institution.

JOURNAL OF KHYBER COLLEGE OF DENTISTRY

FREQUENCY OF IN HOSPITAL MORTALITY IN ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION PATIENTS WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME

PATTERN OF COVID-19 ASSOCIATED MAXILLARY MUCORMYCOTIC OSTEOMYELITIS

KNOWLEDGE AND AWARENESS OF DENTAL IMPLANTS AMONG PATIENTS PRESENTING AT TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL, ISLAMABAD

ANTI-COAGULANT THERAPY IN HOSPITALIZED PREGNANT WOMEN WITH COVID-19: A BRIEF REVIEW

FREQUENCY OF TRAUMATIC ULCERATION IN TISSUES UNDERNEATH NEW CONVENTIONAL COMPLETE DENTURES

FREQUENCY OF MALOCCLUSION IN GOVERNMENT HIGH SCHOOL GOING CHILDREN AGED 13-17 IN PESHAWAR

VARIATION OF CUSPS AND ROOTS OF UPPER WISDOM TOOTH IN PATIENTS VISITING KHYBER COLLEGE OF DENTISTRY

COMPARISON OF EFFECTIVENESS OF GC TOOTH MOUSSE WITH FLUORIDE VARNISH FOR TREATMENT OF DENTINAL HYPERSENSITIVITY

ASSESSMENT OF FIRST PERMANENT MOLAR HEALTH STATUS IN 6-15 YEARS OLD CHILDREN VISITING KHYBER COLLEGE OF DENTISTRY, PESHAWAR: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

PREDICTIVE HEIGHT FROM ULNA LENGTH OF THE MEDICAL STUDENTS OF GAJJU KHAN MEDICAL COLLEGE USING MUST EQUATIONS

COVID-19 AND ITS ORAL MANIFESTATIONS IN POPULATION OF ISLAMABAD AND RAWALPINDI: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

COMPARISON OF THE MEAN REDUCTION IN TRISMUS POSTOPERATIVELY AFTER USE OF 4MG AND 8MG INTRAVENOUS DEXAMETHASONE PRE OPERATIVELY, FOLLOWING IMPACTED MANDIBULAR THIRD MOLAR SURGERY

BUCCAL BONE THICKNESS IN RETROMOLAR AREA IN RELATION TO BONE GRAFTING PRIOR TO DENTAL IMPLANTS. A CONE BEAM COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY STUDY

ORAL HYGIENE PRACTICES AMONG DENTAL STUDENTS OF PESHAWAR CITY A COMPARATIVE STUDY

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INSTITUTIONAL RESEARCH REVIEW BOARD - SCHOOL SOMEONE IN SOMETHING