ROLE OF AGE, GENDER, AND TOBACCO IN CAUSING BLADDER CANCER AND PATHOLOGICAL STUDY OF BLADDER CANCER IN KPK.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33279/jkcd.v10i03.329Keywords:
Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) therapy, Bladder cancer, Hematuria, Tobacco, SmokingAbstract
Objective:
To determine assocation of age, gender & tabbaco in causing bladder carcinoma and its causative factors.
Materials and Methods:
This was a retrospective audit on individuals suffering from bladder carcinoma. All the enrolled individuals in our research study were diagnosed and treated in our set up under strict criteria.
Results:
Total 156 affected individuals suffering from bladder cancer were diagnosed and treated in our setup. Out of 156 patients, 111 were characterized by isolated painless total hematuria. Bladder carcinoma is associated with age so in 70 patients (age > 60 year) were characterized by high grade cancer with a p = 0.04, while the remaining patients (age <60 years), were characterized by both high and low-grade cancers. The risk of tumor relapse is considerably less in those individuals who take adjuvant BCG therapy or mitomycin C therapy, and the difference between the two groups is statistically significant, with a P < 0.0001.
Conclusion:
The incidence rate of bladder carcinoma is increasing. Tobacco is one of the most common causative factors for bladder carcinoma in kpk.
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Copyright (c) 2020 Tauheed Fareed, Mati Ur Rehman, Nayab Fareed
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